As the video explains, AeroFarms – one of the companies showing how tech can revolutionize farming, uses a smart aeroponics system which mists the roots of their plants with just the right amount of water, nutrients, and oxygen.
The huge water saving is achieved through a combination of that control and a closed-loop system meaning no water is ever wasted.
Growing is achieved with a special LED light that has had its spectrum, intensity, and frequency adjusted to perfectly suit photosynthesis on a per plant basis. AeroFarms even go so far as to say they can “control size, shape, texture, color, flavor, and nutrition” using such smart lighting.
As for pests, the way in which growing happens doesn’t allow for the life cycle of common pests to happen, and so no pesticides are required.